Eurofighter Typhoon

 Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH

Eurofighter Typhoon

Eurofighter Typhoon

The Eurofighter Typhoon is a European multinational twin-engine, canard delta wing, multirole fighter.[3][4] The Typhoon was designed originally as an air superiority fighter[5] and is manufactured by a consortium of Airbus, BAE Systems and Leonardo that conducts the majority of the project through a joint holding company, Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH. The NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency, representing the UK, Germany, Italy and Spain, manages the project and is the prime customer.

The aircraft's development effectively began in 1983 with the Future European Fighter Aircraft programme, a multinational collaboration among the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain. Previously, Germany, Italy and the UK had jointly developed and deployed the Panavia Tornado combat aircraft and desired to collaborate on a new project, with additional participating EU nations. However disagreements over design authority and operational requirements led France to leave the consortium to develop the Dassault Rafale independently. A technology demonstration aircraft, the British Aerospace EAP, first flew on 6 August 1986; a Eurofighter prototype made its maiden flight on 27 March 1994. The aircraft's name, Typhoon, was adopted in September 1998 and the first production contracts were also signed that year.

The sudden end of the Cold War reduced European demand for fighter aircraft and led to debate over the aircraft's cost and work share and protracted the Typhoon's development: the Typhoon entered operational service in 2003 and is now in service with the air forces of Austria, Italy, Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain, Saudi Arabia and Oman. Kuwait and Qatar have also ordered the aircraft, bringing the procurement total to 623 aircraft as of 2019.

The Eurofighter Typhoon is a highly agile aircraft, designed to be an effective dogfighter in combat.[7] Later production aircraft have been increasingly better equipped to undertake air-to-surface strike missions and to be compatible with an increasing number of different armaments and equipment, including Storm Shadow, Brimstone and Marte ER missiles. The Typhoon had its combat debut during the 2011 military intervention in Libya with the UK's Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Italian Air Force, performing aerial reconnaissance and ground-strike missions. The type has also taken primary responsibility for air-defence duties for the majority of customer nations.

Eurofighter Typhoon CHARACTERISTICS

General characteristics

Crew: 1 or 2
Length: 15.96 m (52 ft 4 in)
Wingspan: 10.95 m (35 ft 11 in)
Height: 5.28 m (17 ft 4 in)
Wing area: 51.2 m2 (551 sq ft)
Empty weight: 11,000 kg (24,251 lb)
Gross weight: 16,000 kg (35,274 lb)
Max takeoff weight: 23,500 kg (51,809 lb)
Fuel capacity: 4,996 kg (11,010 lb) / 6,215 l (1,642 US gal; 1,367 imp gal) internal[315]
Powerplant: 2 × Eurojet EJ200 afterburning turbofan engines, 60 kN (13,000 lbf) thrust each [316] dry, 90 kN (20,000 lbf) with afterburner
Performance

Maximum speed: 2,125 km/h (1,320 mph, 1,147 kn) / Mach 2.0[317][318] (2,125 km/h or 1,320 mph at 11,000 m altitude)[319][320][better source needed]
1,530 km/h (950 mph; 830 kn) / Mach 1.25 at sea level[314] (1,530 km/h or 950 mph)[321]
Supercruise: Mach 1.5[142]
Range: 2,900 km (1,800 mi, 1,600 nmi)
Combat range: 1,389 km (863 mi, 750 nmi) Air defence with 10-min. loiter / Ground attack, hi-lo-hi (with 3 × external 1,000 l tanks)[316]
185 km (100 nmi) Air defence with 3-hr combat air patrol (with 3 × external 1,000 l tanks)
601 km (325 nmi) Ground attack, lo-lo-lo (with 3 × external 1,000 l tanks)
Ferry range: 3,790 km (2,350 mi, 2,050 nmi) with 3 × drop tanks
Service ceiling: 19,812 m (65,000 ft) [322]
g limits: +9 / -3[323]
Rate of climb: 315 m/s (62,000 ft/min) [324][325][326][verification needed]
Wing loading: 312 kg/m2 (64 lb/sq ft) [327]
Thrust/weight: 1.15 (interceptor configuration)[328]
Brakes-off to Take-off acceleration: <8 s
Brakes-off to supersonic acceleration: <30 s
Brakes-off to Mach 1.6 at 11,000 m (36,000 ft): <150 s[citation needed][N 4]
Armament
Guns: 1 × 27 mm Mauser BK-27 revolver cannon with 150 rounds
Hardpoints: Total of 13: 8 × under-wing; and 5 × under-fuselage pylon stations; holding in excess of 9,000 kg (19,800 lb) of payload[337]
Typical multi-role configuration for a Tranche 2-P1E would be 4 × AMRAAM, 2×ASRAAM/IRIS-T, 4 × EGBU-16/Paveway-IV, 2 × 1000-litre supersonic fuel tanks and a targeting pod.[338]
Missiles: [331]
Air-to-air missiles:
AIM-120 AMRAAM (AIM-120C-5/7 planned for P2E)
MBDA Meteor
IRIS-T
AIM-132 ASRAAM
AIM-9 Sidewinder
Air-to-surface missiles:
Storm Shadow/Scalp EG
Brimstone
AGM-88 HARM
AGM-65 Maverick
Taurus KEPD 350
SPEAR 3 (in progress)[332][333]
Anti-ship missiles:
Marte ER (up to 6 Marte ER anti-ship missiles at 6 hardpoints)[334][335]
Joint Strike Missile (planned)[336]
Bombs:
Paveway II/III/Enhanced Paveway series of laser-guided bombs (LGBs)
500-lb Paveway IV
Small Diameter Bomb (planned for P2E)
Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), work started in 2018[329]
HOPE/HOSBO, in the future
Spice 250[330]
Others:
Up to 3 × drop tanks for ferry flight or extended range/loitering time
Conformal fuel tanks on Tranche 3 or later
Avionics
Euroradar CAPTOR:
CAPTOR E: Active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar or
Captor-M: Solid-state, mechanically scanned array radar
Passive Infra-Red Airborne Tracking Equipment
Praetorian DASS
Damocles (targeting pod)
LITENING III laser targeting pod (LITENING 5 in RAF testing)[339]
Sniper Advanced Targeting Pod

The Typhoon was designed originally as an air superiority fighter.

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